During the second half of the 19th century, as printing and image reproduction technologies advanced, paper theater became a popular form of family entertainment. Primarily aimed at younger audiences: children, these small paper stage sets were used to reinterpret fairy tales and popular plays.

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Paper theater gained further prominence at the turn of the 20th century as a convivial family activity, enjoying great success in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and other countries. Beyond its role as an entertaining parlor game, the printed sheets of paper theaters had a major influence on children’s literature and theater. A typical set included the front stage of the theater, side panels, backstage elements, actors, and background scenery, all sold as printed sheets.

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Collections from Pellerin & Cie included detailed instructions for cutting and assembly, as follows:
"First, cut and fold the printed cardboard with the scenes and characters according to the instructions. Then use the pre-made supports or grooves to assemble it into a miniature theater. Use tables, candles, or oil lamps to create unique shadow and light effects and establish a dramatic atmosphere."